View source for Gandhari dinar

{{Infobox currency
| currency_name_in_local = {{lang|ar|nocat=true|دينار غانذاري}} <small>([[Wikipedia:Arabic|Arabic]])</small>
| image_1 =
| image_title_1 =
| alt1 =
| iso_code = GAD
| issuing_authority = [[Central Bank of Gandhara]]
| issuing_authority_website =
| date_of_introduction = 
| date_of_introduction_source =
| using_countries = {{flag|Gandhara}}<br>''{{flag|Asabiya}}''<br>''{{flag|Diyafa}}''
| inflation_rate = 2.9%, July 2015
| inflation_source_date = Central Bank of Gandhara<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.escforum.net/forum/showthread.php?23296-Internatian-News&p=4680776&viewfull=1#post4680776|title=Gandhara July inflation, overall and core, stabilizing near 2.9 per cent|accessdate=19 September 2015}}</ref>
| inflation_method = [[Wikipedia:Consumer price index|CPI]]
| subunit_ratio_1 = {{frac|1000}}
| subunit_name_1 = [[Wikipedia:Fils (currency)|fils]]
| symbol = د.غ (Arabic) or GD (Latin)
| symbol_subunit_1 =
| nickname =
| nickname_subunit_1 =
| plural =
| plural_subunit_1 =
| used_coins = 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 fulūs, {{frac|4}}, {{frac|2}} dinar
| used_banknotes = 1, {{frac|2|1|2}}, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250 dinars
}}

The '''Gandhari dinar''' ([[Wikipedia:Arabic|Arabic]]: {{lang|ar|nocat=true|دينار غانذاري}} ''dīnār Gāndhāri'') ([[Wikipedia:Currency sign|sign]]: '''د.غ''' or '''GD'''; [[Wikipedia:ISO 4217|code]]: '''GAD''') is the [[Wikipedia:Currency|currency]] of [[Gandhara]] and the two autonomous republics of [[Asabiya]] and [[Diyafa]]. Originally, the dinar was the currency of the [[Gandhari Empire]] and the [[Al-Mansur dynasty|Emirate of Gandhara]]. It is subdivided into 1000 [[Wikipedia:Fils (currency)|fulūs]] (Arabic: {{lang|ar|nocat=true|فلوس}}; sing. {{lang|ar|nocat=true|فلس}} ''fils'').

==Etymology==
The name "dinar" (Arabic: {{lang|ar|nocat=true|دينار}} ''dīnār'') was borrowed via the [[Wikipedia:Syriac language|Syriac]] ''dīnarā'' from the [[Wikipedia:Greek language|Greek]] δηνάριον (''denárion''), which derived from the [[Wikipedia:Latin|Latin]] ''[[Wikipedia:Denarius|dēnārius]]'', a small silver coin in the [[Wikipedia:Roman currency|Ancient Roman coinage]], first minted about 211 BC.

==History==
An early version of the dinar, the [[Wikipedia:Gold dinar|gold dinar]], was used throughout much of the Islamic world from the 8th century onward. 
The dinar was used alongside silver coins, such as the [[Wikipedia:Dirham|dirham]]. In 1715, the Sultan of Gandhara introduced the first regular minting of the dinar in silver, known as the Gandhari dinar. The dinar gradually replaced other silver coin denominations circulating in Gandhara.

In the 19th century the dinar was debased and during the second half of the 19th century the rapidly depreciating paper money predominated in Gandhara's circulation. In 1897, a gold dinar was introduced, marking the change to a gold standard. With the outbreak of [[Wikipedia:World War I|World War I]], the gold standard peg was dropped and the dinar fell in value, suffering from [[Wikipedia:Hyperinflation|hyperinflation]] in the early 1920s. The dinar was redenominated on 1 January 1924, with one new dinar equaling 1000 old dinars.

After the [[Gandhari Revolution]], new series of coins and banknotes were introduced.

==Coins==
Coins are available in denominations of 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 fulūs, and {{frac|4}} and {{frac|2}} dinar. The 1 fils coins ceased to be minted in 1980. It lost its status as [[Wikipedia:Legal tender|legal tender]], and the coins were withdrawn from circulation.

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;
|-
! colspan=3| Current Gandhari dinar coins
|-
! rowspan=2| Value !! colspan=2| Description
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|- 
| 5 fulūs
| rowspan=7| Value, motif, year of minting, {{lang|ar|nocat=true|جمهورية غانذارا العربية}}<br>([[Wikipedia:English_language|English]]: ''Arab Republic of Gandhara'')
| [[Wikipedia:Paeonia mascula|Wild peony flower]]
|- 
| 10 fulūs
| [[Wikipedia:Tree of life|Tree of life]]
|- 
| 25 fulūs
| [[Wikipedia:Dhow|Dhow]]
|- 
| 50 fulūs
| [[Wikipedia:Islamic calligraphy|Calligraphic rendition]] of the [[Wikipedia:Basmala|Basmala]]
|- 
| 100 fulūs
| [[Wikipedia:Sun|Sun]] and four [[Wikipedia:Five-pointed_star|five-pointed stars]]
|- 
| {{frac|4}} dinar
| [[Wikipedia:Mosque|Mosque]]
|- 
| {{frac|2}} dinar
| Khaju Bridge in [[Rhea]]
|}

==Banknotes==
Banknotes are issued in eight different denominations: 1, {{frac|2|1|2}}, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 250 dinars. The banknotes have different sizes to prevent forgery, and each denomination depicts a geographical site or architectural feature of Gandhara.

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;
|-
! colspan=3| Current Gandhari dinar banknotes
|-
! rowspan=2| Value !! colspan=2| Description
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|- 
| 1 dinar
| Monument to the Revolution in [[Rhea]]
| Building of the [[Parliament of Gandhara]]
|- 
| {{frac|2|1|2}} dinars
| [[Mount Taysir]]
| Mountain scenery with eagles 
|- 
| 5 dinars
| Minaret of Jinan in Umayyah
| Galloping [[Wikipedia:Arabian horse|Arabian horses]]
|- 
| 10 dinars
| Harbour in [[Manas]]
| Harbour scenery with freighter and cargo ships
|- 
| 25 dinars
| Jame Mosque in Saif al-Din
| Agricultural workers
|- 
| 50 dinars
| Baloch mountain range
| Mountain scenery with a train
|- 
| 100 dinars
| Imam Square in [[Rhea]]
| [[Wikipedia:Jumu%27ah|Friday prayers]]
|- 
| 250 dinars
| Historic center of Araz
| Market scenery
|}

==Exchange rates==
The [[Wikipedia:Relative value (economics)|relative value]] of the dinar is determined in [[Wikipedia:Foreign exchange market|foreign exchange markets]] by the [[Wikipedia:Economics|economic forces]] of [[Wikipedia:Supply and demand|supply and demand]]. The [[Wikipedia:Supply (economics)|supply]] of the dinar in the [[Wikipedia:Market (economics)|market]] is governed by the desire of dinar holders to exchange their dinars for other currencies to purchase [[Wikipedia:Good (economics)|goods]], [[Wikipedia:Service (economics)|services]], or [[Wikipedia:Asset|assets]]. The [[Wikipedia:Demand|demand]] for the dinar is governed by the desire of foreigners to buy goods and services in Gandhara and by their interest in [[Wikipedia:Investment|investing]] in Gandhara (buying dinar-denominated real and financial assets).

As of 17 September 2017, the [[Wikipedia:Exchange rate|exchange rate]] of the dinar was 1.62675 dinar to the [[Wikipedia:Euro|euro]] and 1.36189 dinar to the [[Wikipedia:United States dollar|U.S. dollar]].

==See also==
*[[Wikipedia:List of circulating currencies|List of circulating currencies]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Gandhara]]
[[Category:Circulating currencies]]
[[Category:Economy of Gandhara]]