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'''Spirevan''', ''Enspirevati'', is a Cylaric language that originated from the Cylari Tribe hich settled down in what is now modern Zinzolin, in Spirevo.
{{Infobox language
|name=Spirevan
|nativename    = ''enzpirs''
|states        = [[Spirevo]]
|speakers      = 18.5 million
|date          = 2011
|familycolor  = Cylaric
|fam2          = Spirevan
|ancestor      = Cylaric
|stand1        = Spirevan
|stand2        = Voltanese Spirevan
|script        = Latin Script
|nation        = Spirevo
----
{{flag|Spirevo}}<br/>
|iso1          = sp
|iso2          = spv
|iso3          = spv
|map          = Internatia-Spirevo.png
|mapsize      = 260}}


Spirevan is the official language of [[Spirevo]], where it is spoken by 4 million people as antive language, roughly half of the county's population. There are also Spirevan speakers in [[Sibinia]], [[Sunetti]], [[Tikata]] and [[Novatlantida]].
'''Spirevan''' is a Cylaric Language that derived from the early Cylaric language of the Cylari tribe that originated in what is now modern day Pebbleland. It is one of the 3 official languages of [[Spirevo|The Federal Kingdom of Spirevo]] alongside Suonic and English.


==Alphabet ==
===Lexical comparison===


Spirevan uses the Latin Script with some diacritics above words, although recently the diacritics are not necessary anymore.
Due to Spirevo being quite an isolated country in Internatia, Spirevan does not have many resemblances to any language other than Suonic, another language that originated from the Suon tribe of the Kingdom of Alaikem, which is now a Spirevan State, and English, which is spoken in neighboring Pebbleland.
=== Vowels ===
 
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" style="text-align:center;"
|-
|+Lexical comparison among Romance languages
! Letter
! English !! Cylaric !! Spirevan !! Suonic
! Letter name
! English approximation
|-
| A a
| Aht
| '''''A'''''lpine
|-
| E e
| Eht
| '''''E'''''gg
|-
| I i
| Iyt
| F'''''ee'''''t
|-
| O o
| Olta
| '''''O'''''n
|-
|-
| U u
|"window" || {{smallcaps|fenestre}} || feneztra || ventanz
| Yuy
| L'''''u'''''nar
|-
|-
| Y y
|"to want" || {{smallcaps|deseja}} || desigs || tualen
| Yartin
| '''''Y'''''ard
|-
|-
| Ou ou
|"flag" || {{smallcaps|estwadern}} || vandersei || bandersaks
| Our
| L'''''ow'''''
|-
|-
| Ei ei
|"quality" || {{smallcaps|delzons}} || cuadelzons || cualetaks
| Tei
| D'''''ay'''''
|-
|-
| Ai ai
|"water" || {{smallcaps|heidre}} || hyadraz || hyadaks
| Mai
| Sk'''''y'''''
 
|}
|}
 
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" style="text-align:center;"
== Consonants ==
|+ Cylaric and Spirevan cognates with different meanings<ref name=Moll-p47/>
{| class="wikitable"
! Old Cylaric !! colspan=2| Cylaric !! colspan=2| Spirevan
|-
|-
! Letter
|{{smallcaps|velentes}} || ''velenja''||"to traverse"|| ''valensei''||"to be brave"
! Letter name
! English approximation
|-
|-
| B b
|{{smallcaps|seladones}} || ''seladonja''||"to make greener" <br/> "to perfume"|| ''seladonsei''||"to flower"
| ber
| '''''B'''''oss
|-
|-
| C c
|{{smallcaps|cordes}} || ''cordja''||"to cut"|| ''c'hordei''||"to join"
| Cuat
| '''''C'''''at
|-
|-
| X x
|{{smallcaps|afinit}} || ''afinit''||"limitless"|| ''efinit''||"final"
| Xivar
| '''''Ch'''''eetah
|-
|-
| D d
|{{smallcaps|dare}} || ''dari''||"to give"|| ''dare''||"to exclude"
| do
| '''''D'''''ark
|-
|-
| F f
|{{smallcaps|mesart}} || ''mesart''||"virtuoso"|| ''mezart''||"sheet music"
| eff
| '''''F'''''it
|-
|-
| G g
|{{smallcaps|sanca}} || ''santa''||"heaven"|| ''sant'xa''||"saint"
| ga
| Lo'''''dg'''''e
|-
|-
| Rg rg
|}
| Arg
 
| Ri'''''ng'''''
==Dialects==
The dialects of the Spirevan language feature a relative uniformity, especially when compared to other Cylaric languages. The only exception is the isolated idiosyncratic Volanese dialect.
 
==Writing system==
The Spirevan alphabet is written in Spirevan script, which has 32 letters , but is often transliterated into Latin alphabet, where the basic 26 letter alphabet is joined by Á, É, Ú, Ó, ', and Ç. The letters of the Spirevan alphabet correspond directly to the Latin one.
 
==Grammar==
 
Spirevan is an inflected language. Nouns and pronouns are inflected for number (singular or plural); adjectives, for the number and gender (masculine, feminine or genderless) of their nouns; personal pronouns, for person, number, gender, and case; and verbs, for mood, tense, aspect and the person and number of their subjects. Case is primarily marked using word order and prepositions.
 
===Gender and number inflection===
{{Div col|cols=4}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Regular noun with definite article: ''dei felin'' ("the cat")
|-
|-
| Gs gs
! !! masculine !! feminine
| Zigs
| '''''J'''''ourney
|-
|-
| H h
! singular
| hah
| ''dei felin'' || ''deia felin'''ea'''''
| '''''H'''''at
|-
|-
| Kh kh
! plural
| Khalin
| ''deizes felin'''z''''' || ''deisas felin'''eas'''''
| Lo'''''ch'''''
|-
|-
| J j
|}
| jay
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
| '''''Y'''''awn
|+ Adjective with 4 forms: <br>''verdz'' ("green")
|-
|-
| K k
! !! masculine !! feminine
| Rik
| '''''Sh'''''ow
|-
|-
| L l
! singular
| el
| ''verdz'' || ''verd'''s'''''
| '''''L'''''ose
|-
|-
| M m
! plural
| em
| ''verd'''ze''''' || ''verd'''se'''''
| '''''M'''''ort
|-
|-
| N n
|}
| en
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
| '''''N'''''eck
|+ Adjective with 3 forms: <br>''fyliça'' ("happy")
|-
|-
| P p
! !! masculine !! feminine
| pju
| '''''P'''''eck
|-
|-
| Q q
! singular
| Qal
| colspan="2" | ''fyliç''
| '''''G'''''irl
|-
|-
| R r
!plural
| er
| ''fyliç'''e''''' || ''feliç'''a'''''
| '''''R'''''ose
|-
|-
| Rh rh
|}
| Rherh
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
| Spanish pe'''''rr'''''o
|+ Adjective with 2 forms: <br>''endeferntz'' ("indifferent")
|-
| S s
| es
| '''''S'''''ick
|-
| Sr sr
| Srisr
| German I'''''Ch'''''
|-
| T t
| ter
| '''''T'''''ime
|-
|-
| Th th
! !! masculine !! feminine
| Thalas
| '''''Th'''''ere
|-
|-
| Tx tx
! singular
| Tho
| colspan="2" | ''endeferntz''
| '''''Th'''''ink
|-
|-
| T'x t'x
!plural
| T'xik
| colspan="2" | ''endeferntz'''y'''''
| Wa'''''tch'''''
|-
|-
| V v
| var
| '''''V'''''oice
|-
| W w
| Doblevar
| '''''W'''''ar
|-
| Z z
| zet
| '''''Z'''''oom
|-
| Zh zh
| Zhertna
| Plea'''''s'''''ure
|}
|}
{{Div col end}}


 
===Determiners===
==Common phrases==
{{Div col|cols=3}}
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Definite article <br>(elided forms in brackets)
|-
|-
! English word
! !! masculine !! feminine
! Spirevan
|-
|-
|Hello
! singular
|Falarbor!
| '''dei''' ('''l<nowiki>'</nowiki>''') || '''deia''' ('''l<nowiki>'</nowiki>''')
|-
|-
|Hi
! plural
|Hei
| '''deizes''' || '''deisas'''
|-
|-
|How are you?
|}
|Comuestou?
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Contractions of the definite article
|-
|-
|I feel…
! colspan="2" rowspan="2"|  
|Zhivantei…
! colspan="3" |preposition
|-
|-
|Good
! é !! déi !! ló
|Dzhubei
|-
|-
|Bad
! rowspan="2" |article || el
|Taimei
| '''éd''' ('''é d<nowiki>'</nowiki>''') || '''déilt''' ('''déi t<nowiki>'</nowiki>''') || '''l<nowiki>'</nowiki>''' ('''ló<nowiki>'</nowiki>''')
|-
|-
|Okay
! els
|Okei
| '''édz''' || '''déilts'''|| '''zl<nowiki>'</nowiki>'''
|-
|-
|And you?
|}
|Eitou?
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Indefinite article
|-
|-
|Thank you
! !! masculine !! feminine
|Obrigsatei
|-
|-
|Please
! singular
|Deneven
| '''ein''' || '''an'''
|-
|-
|I like…
! plural
|Zhikhail
| '''einz''' || '''anz'''
|}
{{Div col end}}
 
===Verbs===
{{div col}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Finite Spirevan verb forms for ''cançeigs'' ("to sing")<br>1st person singular
! mood !! colspan="2" |time !! simple !! composite
|-
|-
|I dislike…
! rowspan="4" | indicative
|Zhiforher
! colspan="2" | present
| ''cançerts'' || ''has cançe''
|-
|-
|I love…
! rowspan="2" | past
|Zhiqoia
! imperfect
| ''canzatts'' || ''havies cançe''
|-
! perfect
| ''cançelts'' || ''hacueres cançe''
|-
|-
|I hate…
! colspan="2" | future
|Zhiprav
| ''cançóls'' || ''haurás cançe''
|-
|-
|See you later
! rowspan="2" | subjunctive
|Rhentagsiallou!
! colspan="2" | present
| ''cançez'' || ''hagses cançe''
|-
|-
|Goodbye
! colspan="2" | past
|Fallah
| ''cançei'' || ''haguéssis cançe''
|-
|-
|Good morning
! colspan="3"| conditional
|Dzhunerei
| ''cançezia'' || ''hauries cançe''
|-
|-
|Good afternoon
! colspan="3"| imperative
|Dzhunedria
| ''canço'' || –
|-
|-
|Good evening
|}
|Dzhuvov
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Non-finite Spirevan verb forms for ''cantar'' ("to sing")
! !! simple !! composite
|-
|-
|Goodnight
! infinitive
|Dzhunotta
| ''cançeigs'' || ''haver cançe''
|-
|-
|Welcome
! gerund
|Avritei
| ''cançents'' || ''havent cançe''
|-
|-
|Happy
! participle
|Feleigs
| ''cançe'' || -
|-
|Sad
|Tristis
|-
|Angry
|Evek
|-
|Go away
|Senta veresto
|-
|Leave me alone
|Daizha me pazhi
|-
|I love you
|Zhigoitou
|-
|I hate you
|Zhipravetou
|-
|-
|}
|}
{{div col end}}
Verbs are divided into 4 groups, not unlike the Spanish -ar, -er and -ir: -igs, -egs, -ógs and -ags
===Syntax===
The grammar of Spirevan follows the general pattern of Cylaric languages. The primary word order is Subject–verb–object.

Revision as of 20:23, 22 May 2013

Spirevan
enzpirs
Spoken natively inSpirevo
Native speakers18.5 million  (2011)
Language family
Cylaric
  • Spirevan
    • Spirevan
Early forms:
Cylaric
  • Spirevan
Standard forms
Spirevan
Voltanese Spirevan
Writing systemLatin Script
Official status
Official language inSpirevo
 Spirevo
Language codes
ISO 639-1sp
ISO 639-2spv
ISO 639-3spv

Spirevan is a Cylaric Language that derived from the early Cylaric language of the Cylari tribe that originated in what is now modern day Pebbleland. It is one of the 3 official languages of The Federal Kingdom of Spirevo alongside Suonic and English.

Lexical comparison

Due to Spirevo being quite an isolated country in Internatia, Spirevan does not have many resemblances to any language other than Suonic, another language that originated from the Suon tribe of the Kingdom of Alaikem, which is now a Spirevan State, and English, which is spoken in neighboring Pebbleland.

Lexical comparison among Romance languages
English Cylaric Spirevan Suonic
"window" Template:Smallcaps feneztra ventanz
"to want" Template:Smallcaps desigs tualen
"flag" Template:Smallcaps vandersei bandersaks
"quality" Template:Smallcaps cuadelzons cualetaks
"water" Template:Smallcaps hyadraz hyadaks
Cylaric and Spirevan cognates with different meanings[1]
Old Cylaric Cylaric Spirevan
Template:Smallcaps velenja "to traverse" valensei "to be brave"
Template:Smallcaps seladonja "to make greener"
"to perfume"		 seladonsei "to flower"
Template:Smallcaps cordja "to cut" c'hordei "to join"
Template:Smallcaps afinit "limitless" efinit "final"
Template:Smallcaps dari "to give" dare "to exclude"
Template:Smallcaps mesart "virtuoso" mezart "sheet music"
Template:Smallcaps santa "heaven" sant'xa "saint"

Dialects

The dialects of the Spirevan language feature a relative uniformity, especially when compared to other Cylaric languages. The only exception is the isolated idiosyncratic Volanese dialect.

Writing system

The Spirevan alphabet is written in Spirevan script, which has 32 letters , but is often transliterated into Latin alphabet, where the basic 26 letter alphabet is joined by Á, É, Ú, Ó, ', and Ç. The letters of the Spirevan alphabet correspond directly to the Latin one.

Grammar

Spirevan is an inflected language. Nouns and pronouns are inflected for number (singular or plural); adjectives, for the number and gender (masculine, feminine or genderless) of their nouns; personal pronouns, for person, number, gender, and case; and verbs, for mood, tense, aspect and the person and number of their subjects. Case is primarily marked using word order and prepositions.

Gender and number inflection

Regular noun with definite article: dei felin ("the cat")
masculine feminine
singular dei felin deia felinea
plural deizes felinz deisas felineas
Adjective with 4 forms:
verdz ("green")
masculine feminine
singular verdz verds
plural verdze verdse
Adjective with 3 forms:
fyliça ("happy")
masculine feminine
singular fyliç
plural fyliçe feliça
Adjective with 2 forms:
endeferntz ("indifferent")
masculine feminine
singular endeferntz
plural endeferntzy

Determiners

Definite article
(elided forms in brackets)
masculine feminine
singular dei (l') deia (l')
plural deizes deisas
Contractions of the definite article
preposition
é déi ló
article el éd (é d') déilt (déi t') l' (ló')
els édz déilts zl'
Indefinite article
masculine feminine
singular ein an
plural einz anz

Verbs

Finite Spirevan verb forms for cançeigs ("to sing")
1st person singular
mood time simple composite
indicative present cançerts has cançe
past imperfect canzatts havies cançe
perfect cançelts hacueres cançe
future cançóls haurás cançe
subjunctive present cançez hagses cançe
past cançei haguéssis cançe
conditional cançezia hauries cançe
imperative canço –
Non-finite Spirevan verb forms for cantar ("to sing")
simple composite
infinitive cançeigs haver cançe
gerund cançents havent cançe
participle cançe -

Verbs are divided into 4 groups, not unlike the Spanish -ar, -er and -ir: -igs, -egs, -ógs and -ags

Syntax

The grammar of Spirevan follows the general pattern of Cylaric languages. The primary word order is Subject–verb–object.

  1. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Moll-p47
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