Sherkat-e Sahami

A Sherkat-e Sahami (Gandhari: شرکت سهامی) is a business entity in Gandhara. It is a type of joint-stock company, characterized by a capital structure divided into shares and the limited liability of shareholders. Sherkat-e Sahami companies are regulated primarily under the Gandhari Commercial Code.

Two subtypes exist, mainly differentiated by how their shares may be offered and transferred.

Sherkat-e Sahami-ye ‘Aam

A Sherkat-e Sahami-ye ‘Aam (Gandhari: شرکت سهامی عام) is a public joint-stock company whose shares may be offered to the public. It is eligible for listing on the stock exchange and must comply with strict regulatory and disclosure requirements. A minimum of 500,000 mohars paid-in capital is required for its establishment. This form is typically used for large enterprises that raise capital from external investors, including state-owned companies preparing for partial or full privatization.

Sherkat-e Sahami-ye Khās

A Sherkat-e Sahami-ye Khās (Gandhari: شرکت سهامی خاص) is a private joint-stock company whose shares cannot be publicly offered. Shareholders are typically limited to a smaller, defined group, and the transfer of shares may be subject to restrictions. The disclosure requirements are less strict than those of a Sherkat-e Sahami-ye ‘Aam. The required minimum paid-in capital is 50,000 mohars. This structure is widely used for privately held or government-controlled enterprises that do not seek public trading of their shares.